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5.9 KiB
5.9 KiB
| title | published | visible |
|---|---|---|
| new course : parallel 1 | true | true |
!!!! DIFFICULT POINT :
What is a virtual object?
What is the difference between the image focal plane of a simple optical component part of an optical instrument, and the image focal plane of the instrument itself?
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!!!! I test my understanding !!!!
!!!! PILOT es un telescopio incrustado en un globo estratosférico, estacionado a una altitud de 40 km sobre la atmósfera, para observar la luz emitida por nuestra galaxia en un rango de longitud de onda (infrarrojo lejano) que no alcanza al suelo. El telescopio es un instrumento óptico que comienza con un gran espejo primario que mira al cielo, hasta sensores de imagen que convierten la luz recibida por cada uno de sus píxeles en una señal eléctrica. Entre este espejo primario y los detectores, hay varios componentes ópticos simples. El conjunto compone el instrumento óptico llamado telescopio. !!!! !!!! Esta es una oportunidad para reflexionar y probar tu comprensión de los conceptos de objetos e imágenes reales o virtuales, de plano focal de imagen aplicado a nivel de cada componente óptico individual o del instrumento completo. !!!! !!!! Inicie el video, haga una pausa en cada imagen fija anunciando una pregunta o preguntas, para responder. !!!!!!!!
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!!!! Pregunta 1 : ¿A qué distancia del espejo M1 está el objeto cuyo video muestra los rayos incidentes? !!!!
!!!! El telescopio observa nuestra galaxia, los objetos que emiten luz están a años luz de distancia. Los rayos que provienen de un objeto incidente en el espejo M1 son paralelos, el objeto está en el infinito : $|\overline{SA}| \rightarrow \infty$
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! ! Where is the painting located? !
! * The painting is located on the other side of the lens, in relation to you. !
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! ! What is the optical system giving the image of the painting? !
! * The optical system is composed of two spherical refracting surfaces, centered on the same optical axis. !
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! $\overline{S_1C_1}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1$ and $n_{fin}=1.5$ ! ! * The second spherical refracting surface $DS2$ encountered by the light has the follwing characteristics :
! $\overline{S_2C_2}=-|R|=-5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1.5$ and $n_{fin}=1$ ! ! * Algebraic distance between $DS1$ and $DS2$ is : $\overline{S_1S_2}=+10;cm$ !
! ! How do you characterize each of the single optical elements that make up this optical system, and their relative distances? !
! * The optical axis is oriented positively in the direction of light propagation (from the painting towards the lensball). ! ! * The first spherical refracting surface $DS1$ encountered by the light has the follwing characteristics :! $\overline{S_1C_1}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1$ and $n_{fin}=1.5$ ! ! * The second spherical refracting surface $DS2$ encountered by the light has the follwing characteristics :
! $\overline{S_2C_2}=-|R|=-5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1.5$ and $n_{fin}=1$ ! ! * Algebraic distance between $DS1$ and $DS2$ is : $\overline{S_1S_2}=+10;cm$ !
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! ! If you had to determine the characteristics of the image (position, size), how would you handle the problem? !
! * $DS1$ gives an image $B_1$ of an object $B$. This image $B_1$ for $DS1$ becomes the object for $DS2$. $DS2$ gives an image $B'1$ of the object $B_1$ !
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! ! ! Ready to answer M3P2 team questions for images 2 and 3? !
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! ! Where is the painting located? !
! * The painting is located on the same side of the lens as you, behind you. !
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! 1) The light crosses a spherical refracting surface $DS1$ with characteristics : $\overline{S_1C_1}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1$ and $n_{fin}=1.5$.
! 2) Then the light is reflected at the surface of the last lensball interface that acts like a spherical mirror of characteristics : $\overline{S_2C_2}=-|R|=-5;cm$, $n=1.5$.
! 3) Finally the light crosses back the first interface of the lensball that acts like a spherical refracting surface those characteristics are : $\overline{S_3C_3}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1.5$ and $n_{fin}=1$.
! Relative algebraic distances between the different elements of $OS2$ are :
! $\overline{S_1S_2}=+10;cm$ and $\overline{S_2S_3}=-10;cm$ !
! ! What are the two optical systems at the origin of the two images of the painting? And can you characterize each of the single optical elements (+ their relative distances) that make up each of these optical systems ? !
! * A first optical system $OS1$ is composed of a simple convexe spherical mirror (the object is reflected on the front face of the ball lensball). Keaping the ioptical axis positively oriented in the direction of the incident light propagation on the lensball, the algebraic value of the mirror radius is : $\overline{SC}=+5;cm$. ! * The second optical system $OS2$ is composed of three simple optical elements :! 1) The light crosses a spherical refracting surface $DS1$ with characteristics : $\overline{S_1C_1}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1$ and $n_{fin}=1.5$.
! 2) Then the light is reflected at the surface of the last lensball interface that acts like a spherical mirror of characteristics : $\overline{S_2C_2}=-|R|=-5;cm$, $n=1.5$.
! 3) Finally the light crosses back the first interface of the lensball that acts like a spherical refracting surface those characteristics are : $\overline{S_3C_3}=+|R|=+5;cm$ , $n_{ini}=1.5$ and $n_{fin}=1$.
! Relative algebraic distances between the different elements of $OS2$ are :
! $\overline{S_1S_2}=+10;cm$ and $\overline{S_2S_3}=-10;cm$ !
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! ! Which image is associated with each of the optical systems? !
! * It is difficult to be 100% sure before having made the calculations. !
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! ! Why do we had to take the picture in the darkness, with only the painting illuminated behind the camera, to obtain images 2 and 3 ? !
! * At a refracting interface, part of the light incident power is refracted, and part is reflected. For transparent material like glass and for visible light, the part of the reflected power is small. If the room had been homogeneously illuminated, the images 2 and 3 of the painting on the wall behind the camera would have been faintly visible compared to the image of the front wall through the lensball. !!!!! DIFFICULT POINT (contribute, or indicate a difficult point of understanding) !!!!